The municipality
of Vidin is located in the northwestern corner of the Republic of Bulgaria
(44°13' latitude и 22°41' longitude) and follows the two most typical
bends of the Danube in the section where the river flows from north
to south. The city of Vidin is located in the lowest terrace of the
Vidin Lowland, 35 meters above sea level.
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Climate
The climate in the
municipality of Vidin is moderate continental. The winters are very cold,
with minimum precipitation, while summers are extremely hot, with maximum
precipitation. The flat landscape allows for humid and warm air flows
from the northwest in the spring, summer an fall, and for cold continental
air flows from the east in the winter
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Precipitation
Precipitation is irregular
and varies by season. Maximum precipitation occurs in the summer, with
a 69 мм/м2 peak in June. Precipitation minimums occur in the winter (January,
February and March), as well as in August and September.
Relative humidity
is reversely proportional to precipitation. The maximums occur in the
winter (81- 90%), the minimums are in the summer (58 - 68%). The flat
landscape allows for wind formation. Prevailing winds are western, with
an average annual speed of 1.9 m/sec, humid and often accompanied by rainfall.
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The climate, landscape
and lithologic composition predetermine the soil formation processes.
The municipality of Vidin falls into the area of carbonate and typical
humus soils. Several types of soil may be seen in the municipality:
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Lye humus - mostly around the villages of Dinkovitsa, Major Ouzounovo,
Biala Rada and Slana Bara;
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Alluvial - around the villages of Major Ouzounovo, Slanotrun, Inovo,
Gradets, Rouptsi, Boukovets and the cities of Vidin and Dounavtsi.
These are some of the most fertile soils in the municipality;
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Meadow humus
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Humus carbonate - exist in small spots among other soil types, based
on limestone rocks. Typically found on steep slopes.
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Geologic
characteristics
The
territory of the municipality of Vidin is made of young and older geologic
deposits that have formed industrial deposits of gypsum and inert materials.
The geologic composition is made of alluvial deposits from the Quaternary
on a base of dense, waterproof Pliocene clay. The total thickness of
the alluvial complex varies between 10 and 20 meters.
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